What are the two types of transvenous leads used in pacing?

The two types of transvenous leads used in pacing are classified as passive fixation and active fixation. Active fixation leads incorporate a mechanism, such as a screw-in design, which allows them to anchor securely to the endocardium, providing better stability and reducing the risk of lead dislodgement during patient movement or post-implantation changes. In contrast, passive fixation leads rely on tines or other structures that simply engage the heart tissue without an active mechanism to secure them in place.

This differentiation in lead design is critical when considering patient anatomy, pacing strategy, and potential complications. The choice between passive and active fixation may depend on several factors, including the patient's underlying cardiac condition and the physician's preference based on previous experiences and required lead stability. Understanding these types enhances a clinician's ability to optimize pacing outcomes for their patients.