Which letter is used to represent impedance in equations?

Impedance is represented by the letter R in equations, which stands for resistance in the context of electrical circuits. This symbol is part of Ohm's law, where impedance (or resistance) measures how much a circuit opposes the flow of electric current. In the context of pacing and cardiac devices, understanding impedance is crucial, as it helps assess the lead's performance and the quality of the electrical connection between the pacemaker and heart tissue. By representing impedance with R, professionals can apply mathematical equations effectively within their practice, ensuring accurate measurements and diagnostics in pacing therapy.